Transit agencies and transport operators have a choice.
Agencies can design and build their own ticketing system. However, these systems are expensive to build, maintain and update, often take years to go live with a significant build risk, and do not update with new features and functionality without additional spending and resources, so often ‘decay’ for years.
Or
Agencies and operators can opt for a Fare Payments-as-a-Service approach which brings significant benefits. Once a capability is built it can be deployed extremely quickly (as everyone is using the same platform and code). It’s far more cost-effective to deploy, maintain and update, because costs are shared across all users, and everyone using the platform benefits from constantly improving features and functionality.